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Adverbial NP-Shang and the Growing Adverbial Suffix shang in Mandarin Chinese: The Lexicalization and Grammaticalization Induced by Chinese Character-Based Contact
Author: Jiayi Zhou
Source: LingUU Journal, vol. 7, Iss. 1, pp. 54-69
Year: 2023
Published by: LingUU Journal
Abstract
This article presents a case study of language contact based on Chinese characters between Chinese and Japanese. While the use of Chinese characters facilitates communication, it can sometimes obscure the specific details of language contact processes. Using historical materials as a basis, this article attempts to restore the original nature of the contact. In the study of adverbial NP-shang (NP-上) structure, which consists of disyllable noun phrases and the localiser shang “on, top”, the article reveals that in addition to direct borrowing NP-jō (NP-上), there is also a form of calquing Japanese にni as shang. Furthermore, the discussion goes beyond the lexical level to explore the lexicalization of NP-shang and the grammaticalization of shang from a clitic to a suffix in the intense contact process, demonstrating that vocabulary is not only borrowed for its external significance, but also for its relational significance (Ramchand, 2018).
Keywords
NP-shang; language contact; grammaticalization; lexicalization